UThintelo loMhlaza Wesisu

Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga noMhlaza weSisu

Umhlaza wesisu (gastric) sisifo apho iiseli ezinobungozi (umhlaza) zenza esiswini.

Isisu sisilungu esifana no-J kumntla wesisu.Iyinxalenye yenkqubo yokwetyisa, eyenza izondlo (iivithamini, iiminerali, iikhabhohayidrethi, amafutha, iiproteni, namanzi) ekutyeni okutyiwayo kwaye kunceda ukukhupha inkunkuma ngaphandle komzimba.Ukutya kuhamba ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini ngombhobho ongenanto, onezihlunu obizwa ngokuba ngummizo.Emva kokushiya isisu, ukutya okugayiweyo kudlulela kumathumbu amancinci kwaye emva koko kuthumbu elikhulu.

Umhlaza wesisu unjaloowesineowona mhlaza uxhaphakileyo ehlabathini.

UThintelo loMhlaza Wesisu

Oku kulandelayo yimiba yomngcipheko womhlaza wesisu:

1. Iimeko ezithile zonyango

Ukuba nayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zonyango zilandelayo kunokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu:

• I-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) usulelo lwesisu.
• I-intestinal metaplasia (imeko apho iiseli ezihambelana nesisu zitshintshwa ngamaseli aqhelekileyo adibanisa amathumbu).
• I-atrophic gastritis engapheliyo (ukuncipha kwesisu esibangelwa kukuvuvukala kwexesha elide lesisu).
• I-anemia enobungozi (uhlobo lwe-anemia olubangelwa ukungabikho kwe-vitamin B12).
• Iipolyps zesisu (gastric).

2. Iimeko ezithile zofuzo

Iimeko zemfuzo zinokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu kubantu abanazo naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:

• Umama, utata, udade, okanye umnakwabo onomhlaza wesisu.
• Uhlobo lwegazi A.
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
• I-Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC; i-Lynch syndrome).

3. Ukutya

Umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu unokunyuswa kubantu abathi:

• Yitya ukutya okuncinci kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno.
• Yitya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi okanye okutshayiweyo.
• Yitya ukutya okungakhange kulungiswe okanye kugcinwe ngendlela ebekufanele ukuba kugcinwe ngayo.

4. Oonobangela bokusingqongileyo

Izinto ezisingqongileyo ezinokonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu ziquka:

• Ukuba sesichengeni kwimitha.
• Ukusebenza kwishishini lerabha okanye lamalahle.

Umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu uyanda kubantu abavela kumazwe apho umhlaza wesisu uxhaphakile.

Oku kulandelayo yimiba ekhuselayo enokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu:

1. Ukuyeka ukutshaya

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukutshaya kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza wesisu.Ukuyeka ukutshaya okanye ukungatshayi kuyayinciphisa ingozi yomhlaza wesisu.Abatshayayo abayeka ukutshaya banciphisa amathuba okuba nomhlaza wesisu ekuhambeni kwexesha.

2. Ukunyanga usulelo lwe-Helicobacter pylori

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukusuleleka okungapheliyo kunye ne-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) ibhaktheriya idibaniswa nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza wesisu.Xa iibhaktheriya ze-H. pylori zichaphazela isisu, isisu sinokuvutha kwaye sibangele utshintsho kwiiseli ezihambelana nesisu.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezi seli ziye zingaqhelekanga kwaye zinokuba ngumhlaza.

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukunyanga usulelo lwe-H. pylori ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.Uphononongo oluthe kratya luyafuneka ukufumanisa ukuba ukunyanga usulelo lwe-H. pylori ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwehlisa inani lokufa ngenxa yomhlaza wesisu okanye kugcina utshintsho kulwelwesi lwesisu, olunokukhokelela kumhlaza, ekubeni usiba mbi ngakumbi.

Olunye uphononongo lwafumanisa ukuba izigulane ezisebenzisa i-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) emva kokunyangwa kwe-H. pylori zinamathuba amaninzi okufumana umhlaza wesisu kunezo zingasebenzisi ii-PPIs.Uphononongo olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukufumanisa ukuba ii-PPIs zikhokelela kumhlaza kwizigulana ezinyangelwa i-H. pylori.

Akwaziwa ukuba ngaba ezi zinto zilandelayo ziyawuthoba umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu okanye azinampembelelo kumngcipheko womhlaza wesisu:

1. Ukutya

Ukungatyi ngokwaneleyo iziqhamo kunye nemifuno emitsha kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza wesisu.Olunye uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno enevithamin C eninzi kunye nebeta carotene kunokwehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.Uphononongo lukwabonisa ukuba ukutya okuziinkozo, i-carotenoids, iti eluhlaza, kunye nezinto ezifumaneka kwigalikhi zinokuwuthoba umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi kunokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.Abantu abaninzi eUnited States ngoku batya ityuwa encinane ukuze banciphise amathuba okuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.Oku kunokuba kutheni amazinga omhlaza wesisu ehlile e-US

2. Izongezo zokutya

Akwaziwa ukuba ukuthatha iivithamini ezithile, iiminerali, kunye nezinye izongezo zokutya kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.E-China, uphononongo lwe-beta carotene, ivithamin E, kunye ne-selenium eyongezelelweyo ekutyeni ibonise inani eliphantsi lokufa ngumhlaza wesisu.Uphononongo lusenokuba luquke abantu ababengenazo ezi zondlo kwizidlo zabo zesiqhelo.Akwaziwa ukuba ukongezwa kwezongezo zokutya kuya kuba nefuthe elifanayo kubantu abasele betya ukutya okunempilo.

Olunye uphando aluzange lubonise ukuba ukuthatha izongezo zokutya ezifana ne-beta carotene, i-vitamin C, i-vitamin E, okanye i-selenium yehlisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesisu.

Ulingo lwezonyango lokuthintela umhlaza lusetyenziselwa ukufunda iindlela zokuthintela umhlaza.

Ulingo lwezonyango lokuthintela umhlaza lusetyenziselwa ukufunda iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weentlobo ezithile zomhlaza.Olunye ulingo lokuthintela umhlaza lwenziwa ngabantu abasempilweni abangazange babe nomhlaza kodwa abanomngcipheko owonyukileyo womhlaza.Olunye ulingo lothintelo lwenziwa ngabantu abanomhlaza kwaye bazama ukuthintela omnye umhlaza wohlobo olufanayo okanye ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nohlobo olutsha lomhlaza.Olunye ulingo lwenziwa ngamavolontiya asempilweni akwaziwa ukuba anemingcipheko yomhlaza.

Injongo yolunye ulingo lwezonyango lokuthintela umhlaza kukufumanisa ukuba amanyathelo athathwa ngabantu anokuthintela umhlaza.Oku kunokuquka ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno, ukwenza umthambo, ukuyeka ukutshaya, okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, iivithamin, iiminerals, okanye izongezelelo zokutya.

Iindlela ezintsha zokuthintela umhlaza wesisu zifundwa kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi.

Umthombo:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62850&type=1