Iimpawu ezintsha zeubunzimaUkuginya okanye ukuziva ngathi ukutya kubambekile emqaleni wakho kunokuba yinto exhalabisayo. Ukuginya kudla ngokuba yinkqubo abantu abayenzayo ngokwemvelo kwaye bengacingi. Ufuna ukwazi ukuba kutheni kwaye ungayilungisa njani loo nto. Usenokuzibuza nokuba ubunzima bokuginya luphawu lomhlaza.
Nangona umhlaza ungomnye wemiba enokubangela i-dysphagia, kodwa ayingowona unobangela unokwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-dysphagia isenokuba yimeko engeyoyomhlaza efana nesifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) (chronic acid reflux) okanye umlomo owomileyo.
Eli nqaku liza kujonga izizathu ze-dysphagia, kunye neempawu ekufuneka uziqwalasele.
Igama lezonyango le-dysphagia yi-dysphagia. Oku kunokubonwa kwaye kuchazwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu ze-dysphagia zinokuvela emlonyeni okanye kwi-esophagus (ityhubhu yokutya esuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini).
Izigulana ezinezizathu zokungakwazi ukuphefumula kakuhle emqaleni zinokuchaza iimpawu ezahlukileyo kancinci. Zisenokuba nezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Uninzi lwezizathu ze-dysphagia azibangelwa ngumhlaza kwaye zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu. Isenzo sokuginya yinkqubo enzima efuna izinto ezininzi ukuze isebenze kakuhle. I-Dysphagia inokwenzeka ukuba nayiphi na inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuginya iyaphazamiseka.
Ukuginya kuqala emlonyeni, apho ukuhlafuna kuxuba amathe nokutya kuze kuqale ukukuqhekeza nokukulungiselela ukugaywa. Ulwimi lunceda emva koko ukutyhala i-bolus (iqhekeza elincinci, elingqukuva lokutya) ngasemva komqala ukuya kutsho emqaleni.
Njengoko ihamba, i-epiglottis iyavala ukuze igcine ukutya ku-esophagus kunokuba ku-trachea (windpipe), ekhokelela emiphungeni. Izihlunu ze-esophagus zinceda ekutyhaleni ukutya esiswini.
Iimeko eziphazamisana nayo nayiphi na inxalenye yenkqubo yokuginya zingabangela iimpawu ze-dysphagia. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:
Nangona kungengoyena nobangela unokwenzeka, ubunzima bokuginya bunokukhokelela kumhlaza. Ukuba i-dysphagia iyaqhubeka, iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye iyenzeka rhoqo, umhlaza unokurhanelwa. Ukongeza, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela.
Iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza zingabonakalisa iimpawu zobunzima bokuginya. Ezona ntlobo zomhlaza zixhaphakileyo zezo zichaphazela ngqo izakhiwo zokuginya, njengomhlaza wentloko nentamo okanye umhlaza womqala. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zingabandakanya:
Isifo okanye imeko echaphazela nayiphi na indlela yokuginya inokubangela i-dysphagia. Ezi ntlobo zezifo zinokubandakanya iimeko ze-neurological ezinokuchaphazela inkumbulo okanye zibangele ubuthathaka bemisipha. Zinokuquka neemeko apho amayeza afunekayo ukunyanga le meko anokubangela i-dysphagia njengesiphumo esingesihle.
Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, ungafuna ukuxoxa ngeengxaki zakho nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela xa iimpawu zibonakala kwaye nokuba kukho ezinye iimpawu.
Kufuneka ulungele nokubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo. Yibhale phantsi uze uyiphathe ukuze ungalibali ukuyibuza.
Xa ufumana i-dysphagia, inokuba luphawu oluxhalabisayo. Abanye abantu banokuxhalaba kukuba ibangelwa ngumhlaza. Nangona kunokwenzeka, umhlaza awungoyena nobangela unokwenzeka. Ezinye iimeko, ezinje ngosulelo, isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux, okanye amayeza, nazo zinokubangela ubunzima bokuginya.
Ukuba uqhubeka nobunzima bokuginya, thetha nogqirha wakho uze uhlole unobangela weempawu zakho.
UWilkinson JM, uCody Pilley DC, uWilfat RP. I-Dysphagia: uvavanyo kunye nolawulo ngokubambisana. Ndingugqirha wosapho. 2021;103(2):97-106.
UNoel KV, uSutradar R, uZhao H, nabanye. Umthwalo weempawu ezixelwe sisigulana njengomqondiso wokutyelela isebe likaxakeka kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele okungacwangciswanga ngenxa yomhlaza wentloko nentamo: uphando olusekelwe kubemi bexesha elide. JCO. 2021;39(6):675-684. Inombolo: 10.1200/JCO.20.01845
UJulie Scott, MSN, ANP-BC, AOCNP UJulie ngumongikazi oqinisekisiweyo we-oncology yabantu abadala kunye nombhali wezempilo ozimeleyo onomdla wokufundisa izigulana kunye noluntu lwezempilo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-22-2023