Uthintelo lomhlaza wommizo

Ulwazi oluphangaleleyo malunga noMhlaza womqala

Umhlaza wommizo sisifo apho iiseli ezinobungozi (umhlaza) zenza kwizicubu zommizo.

Ummizo ngumbhobho ongenanto, onezihlunu ohambisa ukutya kunye nolwelo ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini.Udonga lwe-esophagus lwenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi eethishu, kuquka i-mucous membrane (i-internal lining), i-muscle, kunye ne-connective tissue.Umhlaza wommizo uqala kummizo ongaphakathi kwaye unwenwele ngaphandle kwamanye amaleya njengoko ukhula.

Iintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wommizo zithiywe ngohlobo lweeseli eziba yingozi (umhlaza):

• I-squamous cell carcinoma:Umhlaza ovela kwiiseli ezibhityileyo nezisicaba ezingaphakathi kummizo.Lo mhlaza udla ngokufumaneka kwindawo ephezulu naphakathi kommizo kodwa unokwenzeka naphi na ecaleni kommizo.Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-epidermoid carcinoma.
• Adenocarcinoma:Umhlaza oqala kwiiseli zamadlala.Iiseli zedlala kulwelwe lomqalazo zivelisa kwaye zikhuphe ulwelo olufana nencindi.I-adenocarcinoma idla ngokuqala kwindawo esezantsi yommizo, kufutshane nesisu.

Umhlaza wommizo ufumaneka rhoqo emadodeni.

Amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba abe nomhlaza wommizo kunabasetyhini.Ithuba lokuba nomhlaza wommizo liyenyuka ngokuya ngeminyaka.I-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo ixhaphake kakhulu kwabamnyama kunabamhlophe.

Uthintelo lomhlaza wommizo

Ukuphepha izinto ezinobungozi kunye nokwandisa izinto ezikhuselayo kunokunceda ukukhusela umhlaza.

Ukuphepha imiba esemngciphekweni yomhlaza kunokunceda ukuthintela umhlaza othile.Imingcipheko iquka ukutshaya, ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, nokungazilolongi ngokwaneleyo.Ukwandisa izinto ezikhuselayo ezinjengokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokwenza umthambo nako kunokunceda ukuthintela eminye imihlaza.Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye enye ingcali yezempilo malunga nokuba ungawuthoba njani umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza.

Izinto ezinobungozi kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo ze-squamous cell carcinoma ye-esophagus kunye ne-adenocarcinoma ye-esophagus ayifani.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zomngcipheko zonyusa umngcipheko we-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo:

1. Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa utywala

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba umngcipheko we-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo uyanda kubantu abatshayayo okanye abaselayo kakhulu.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zokukhusela zinokunciphisa umngcipheko we-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo:

1. Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa icuba notywala

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ingozi ye-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo iphantsi kubantu abangalisebenzisiyo icuba kunye notywala.

2. I-Chemoprevention kunye neziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo

I-Chemoprevention kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, iivithamini, okanye ezinye ii-agent ukuzama ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza.Iziyobisi ezichasene nokudumba (NSAIDs) zibandakanya i-aspirin kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinciphisa ukudumba kunye neentlungu.

Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-squamous cell carcinoma yommizo.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukubetha, ukopha esiswini kunye namathumbu, kunye nokulimala kwezintso.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zomngcipheko zonyusa umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma yommizo:

1. I-reflux yesisu

I-Adenocarcinoma ye-esophagus inxulumene kakhulu nesifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD), ngakumbi xa i-GERD ihlala ixesha elide kwaye iimpawu ezinzima zenzeka imihla ngemihla.I-GERD yimeko apho iziqulatho zesisu, kubandakanywa ne-asidi yesisu, zigeleza ukuya kwindawo engezantsi ye-esophagus.Oku kuyacaphukisa ngaphakathi kommizo, kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunokuchaphazela iiseli ezijikeleze indawo engezantsi yommizo.Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yiBarrett esophagus.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iiseli ezichaphazelekayo zitshintshwa ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ezinokuthi kamva zibe yi-adenocarcinoma yommizo.Ukutyeba ngokugqithisileyo kudityaniswe neGERD kunokunyusa ngakumbi umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma yommizo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza aphumza isihlunu esisezantsi sesphincter somqalazo kunokonyusa amathuba okuba abe neGERD.Xa i-sphincter muscle esezantsi ikhululekile, i-asidi yesisu inokuhamba iye phezulu kwindawo engezantsi yommizo.

Akwaziwa ukuba utyando okanye olunye unyango lokumisa i-gastric reflux yehlisa umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma ye-esophagus.Ulingo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukubona ukuba utyando okanye unyango lwezonyango lunokuyithintela iBarrett esophagus.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zokukhusela zinokunciphisa umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma yommizo:

1. I-Chemoprevention kunye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

I-Chemoprevention kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, iivithamini, okanye ezinye ii-agent ukuzama ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza.Iziyobisi ezichasene nokudumba (NSAIDs) zibandakanya i-aspirin kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinciphisa ukudumba kunye neentlungu.

Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma ye-esophagus.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukubetha, ukopha esiswini kunye namathumbu, kunye nokulimala kwezintso.

2. Ukukhutshwa kweRadiofrequency of the esophagus

Izigulana ezine-Barrett esophagus ezineeseli ezingaqhelekanga kummizo ongezantsi zinokunyangwa ngokukhutshwa kweradiofrequency ablation.Le nkqubo isebenzisa amaza erediyo ukufudumeza nokutshabalalisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ezinokuthi zibe ngumhlaza.Imingcipheko yokusebenzisa i-radiofrequency ablation ibandakanya ukucutheka kommizo kunye nokopha kummizo, isisu, okanye amathumbu.

Olunye uphononongo lwezigulana ezine-Barrett esophagus kunye neeseli ezingaqhelekanga kummizo zithelekisa izigulana ezifumene i-radiofrequency ablation kunye nezigulana ezingayifumananga.Izigulana ezifumene i-radiofrequency ablation azifane zifunyanwe zinomhlaza wommizo.Uphononongo oluthe kratya luyafuneka ukuze kwaziwe ukuba ingaba i-radiofrequency ablation iyawehlisa na umngcipheko we-adenocarcinoma yommizo kwizigulana ezinezi meko.

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